al-Ṭūr 52:13-14

Yawma yudaʿʿūna ilā nāri jahannama daʿʿā · Hādhihi'n-nāru'llatī kuntum bihā tukadhdhibūn "The day they are shoved into the fire of Hell with a shoving. 'This is the fire you used to call a lie.'"

Root: د-ع-ع. This word was treated in the discussion of al-Māʿūn 107/2 and this verse was shown there as the indication that closed the matter. And it was cited in the discussions of al-ʿAlaq 96/18 and al-Muṭaffifīn too.

I do not repeat it here. What was recorded in al-Māʿūn: "Whatever verb the Qurʾān uses to describe people's being cast into Hell, it describes the treatment of the orphan with that same verb."

And the meaning of the root was given there: daʿʿ, a hard and humiliating shove — a driving back by brute force.

Two things are to be added here.

One — the absolute object. Yudaʿʿūna … daʿʿā — the verb reinforced with its own verbal noun. The same structure as in the ninth and tenth verses (mawrā, sayrā).

That is, the sūra uses this pattern three times and all three are in the scene of the resurrection: the sky heaves with a heaving, the mountains walk with a walking, they are shoved with a shoving.

The shared pattern of the three verses gives the three events at the same intensity.

Two — the passive pattern. Yudaʿʿūna — they are shoved. Who shoves them is not said.

And its counterpart in al-Māʿūn was active: yaduʿʿu'l-yatīm — he shoves the orphan, and the shover is identified.

The shover becomes the shoved. This finding was recorded in the section on al-ʿAlaq; I do not repeat it here.

And note the form of the scene: there is an act of pointing.

Hādhihi — "this here". The demonstrative pronoun refers to something standing in the middle, something seen.

And this is the same technique seen at al-Dhāriyāt 51/14: there too it had been said hādhā'lladhī kuntum bihī tastaʿjilūn — "this is what you kept asking to be hurried."

Two neighbouring sūras build the same scene with the same pronoun:

The two verbs state two different attitudes: one was saying "let it come then", the other was saying "there is no such thing". And the same thing is shown to both.

I record this as a reading drawn from a comparison of the two sūras.

كُنتُم بِهَا تُكَذِّبُونَ — the mood. Kuntum + imperfect: in Arabic this states continuance in the past. That is, not "you called it a lie once" but "you kept calling it a lie".

And تُكَذِّبُونَ is in Form II. This difference was treated in the discussion of al-Shams 91/11: kadhaba (Form I) is a person's own lying; kadhdhaba (Form II) is declaring what someone else has said to be a lie.

That is, the charge is not lying; it is counting what is said a lie.