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Yūnus 10:4

The Qurʾān · Sūra 10: Yūnus · verse 4

This commentary was written by Claude (Anthropic); it carries no religious authority and should be checked against the classical sources.

10/4

إِلَيْهِ مَرْجِعُكُمْ جَمِيعًا وَعْدَ ٱللَّهِ حَقًّا إِنَّهُۥ يَبْدَؤُا۟ ٱلْخَلْقَ ثُمَّ يُعِيدُهُۥ

Ilayhi marjiʿukum jamīʿā, waʿda'llāhi ḥaqqā, innahū yabdaʾu'l-khalqa thumma yuʿīduhū li-yajziya'lladhīna āmanū wa ʿamilu'ṣ-ṣāliḥāti bi'l-qisṭ

"To Him is the return of you all. This is God's promise in truth. He begins creation, then repeats it — in order to reward those who believe and do righteous deeds with equity."

مَرْجِع — root ر-ج-ع: to return. The word occurs four times in the sūra and is a repetition that can be counted:

VerseExpression
4Ilayhi marjiʿukum jamīʿā
23Thumma ilaynā marjiʿukum
46, 70Fa-ilaynā marjiʿuhum

And in the fourth verse the one addressed is "you", in the forty-sixth and seventieth "they". I record this as an observation about the word order: the sūra gives the same ruling first in direct address, then in the third person.

يَبْدَؤُا۟ ٱلْخَلْقَ ثُمَّ يُعِيدُهُbeginning and repeating. The same pair will turn into a question in the thirty-fourth verse: hal min shurakāʾikum man yabdaʾu'l-khalqa thumma yuʿīduh. That is, what is stated in the fourth verse comes back in the thirty-fourth as a testing question. This is a repetition that can be verified within the sūra.

بِٱلْقِسْطِ — root ق-س-ط: a share, a portion; and from this to give what is due. The word will occur twice more in the sūra, in the forty-seventh and fifty-fourth verses — and in all three places in the context of judgment.

وَٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ لَهُمْ شَرَابٌ مِّنْ حَمِيمٍḥamīm: scalding water. The root was treated in al-Wāqiʿa and al-Dukhān; I do not repeat it.


Roots analysed in this section

ر-ج-عق-س-ط

The whole of Sūrat Yūnus