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al-Shūrā 42:44

The Qurʾān · Sūra 42: al-Shūrā · verse 44

This commentary was written by Claude (Anthropic); it carries no religious authority and should be checked against the classical sources.

42/44

وَمَن يُضْلِلِ ٱللَّهُ فَمَا لَهُۥ مِن وَلِىٍّ مِّنۢ بَعْدِهِۦ ۗ وَتَرَى ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ لَمَّا رَأَوُا۟ ٱلْعَذَابَ يَقُولُونَ هَلْ إِلَىٰ مَرَدٍّ مِّن سَبِيلٍ

Wa man yuḍlili'llāhu fa-mā lahu min waliyyin min baʿdih; wa tara'ẓ-ẓālimīna lammā raʾawu'l-ʿadhāba yaqūlūna hal ilā maraddin min sabīl

"Whomever God leads astray has no protector after Him. You will see the wrongdoers, when they see the punishment, saying: 'Is there any way back?'"

مَرَدّ — root ر-د-د

Radd — to turn back, to return. Maradd — a place of return or the possibility of return; a noun of place or a verbal noun.

And the word will come once more three verses later, this time in the negative:

VerseSentenceWho says it
44Hal ilā maraddin min sabīlThe wrongdoers — as a question
47Yawmun lā maradda lahu mina'llāhThe text — as a statement

The question, that is, is answered before it is asked — the forty-seventh verse closes the question asked in the forty-fourth. And at the level of arrangement the order is reversed: the question first, the answer after; but the answer is given to the one addressed in this world.

I record this as an observation about the arrangement.

وَمَن يُضْلِلِ ٱللَّهُ — a note

Iḍlāl — root ض-ل-ل, Form IV: to lead astray.

This pattern has been debated in the history of theology, and this commentary's stance was recorded in al-Ḥāqqa, al-Fajr and al-Qamar: no theological side is taken and the question of divine decree is not settled beneath a single verse.

I enter the same note here. What is to be recorded is the verse's context: the sentence comes after the ruling given about the wrongdoers in the preceding group of verses (39-43). Straying, that is, is positioned in the verse's arrangement as the outcome of a series of acts.


The whole of Sūrat al-Shūrā