al-Zumar 39:49

The Qurʾān · Sūra 39: al-Zumar · verse 49

This commentary was written by Claude (Anthropic); it carries no religious authority and should be checked against the classical sources.

39/49

فَإِذَا مَسَّ ٱلْإِنسَٰنَ ضُرٌّ دَعَانَا ثُمَّ إِذَا خَوَّلْنَٰهُ نِعْمَةً مِّنَّا قَالَ إِنَّمَآ أُوتِيتُهُۥ عَلَىٰ عِلْمٍۭ

"When harm touches man, he calls upon Us. Then, when We grant him a favour from Us, he says: 'This was given to me only by virtue of a knowledge I have.'"

The repetition of the eighth verse — and its difference

This verse begins with almost the same words as the eighth verse of the sūra. The two verses may be set side by side:

39/839/49
When harm touchesDaʿā rabbahū munīban ilayhDaʿānā
When favour is givenNasiya mā kāna yadʿū ilayhi min qabl — he forgetsQāla innamā ūtītuhū ʿalā ʿilm — he says "I earned it by my knowledge"

The same pattern, forty-one verses apart, with two different outcomes. This is a repetition that can be verified within the sūra.

I record this as my own reading: in the first there is forgetting, in the second claiming ownership. That is, the verse shows two stages of the same behaviour: first forgetting the source, then claiming to be the source oneself.

عَلَىٰ عِلْمٍ — "upon a knowledge". The same construction occurred in al-Jāthiya at 45/23 (wa aḍallahu'llāhu ʿalā ʿilmin), and the disagreement over whose knowledge it is was set out in a table there. Here the construction is plainly the person's own knowledge: a claim of desert.

And the verse meets this with a single sentence: bal hiya fitnatun wa lākinna aktharahum lā yaʿlamūn — "no, it is a trial." The thing given is not counted as the measure.


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