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Maryam 19:22-26

The Qurʾān · Sūra 19: Maryam · verses 22-26

This commentary was written by Claude (Anthropic); it carries no religious authority and should be checked against the classical sources.

19/22-26

فَحَمَلَتْهُ فَٱنتَبَذَتْ بِهِۦ مَكَانًا قَصِيًّا · فَأَجَآءَهَا ٱلْمَخَاضُ إِلَىٰ جِذْعِ ٱلنَّخْلَةِ قَالَتْ يَٰلَيْتَنِى مِتُّ قَبْلَ هَٰذَا وَكُنتُ نَسْيًا مَّنسِيًّا · فَنَادَىٰهَا مِن تَحْتِهَآ أَلَّا تَحْزَنِى قَدْ جَعَلَ رَبُّكِ تَحْتَكِ سَرِيًّا · وَهُزِّىٓ إِلَيْكِ بِجِذْعِ ٱلنَّخْلَةِ تُسَٰقِطْ عَلَيْكِ رُطَبًا جَنِيًّا

"She conceived him and withdrew with him to a far place. The pangs of birth drove her to the trunk of a date palm. 'Would that I had died before this and been altogether forgotten!' she said. He called to her from below her: 'Do not grieve! Your Lord has made a rivulet beneath you. Shake the trunk of the palm towards you, and fresh dates will fall upon you.'"

The honesty of the scene

The verse transmits Mary's words as they are: yā laytanī mittu qabla hādhā. And nasyan mansiyyā — "a forgotten thing, forgotten".

I record this as an observation: the text gives the words of a chosen servant at her hardest moment without softening them. The same honesty was seen in al-Qaṣaṣ 28/15-16, in Moses's assessment of himself; I rely on that treatment.

وَهُزِّىٓ إِلَيْكِ بِجِذْعِ ٱلنَّخْلَةِ

The command itself is worth recording: a woman in the pangs of birth is told to shake the tree.

The root ه-ز-زoccurring here for the first time in the series: to shake, to shake down. (In al-Zumar 39/21 and al-Ḥajj 22/5 it is used of the earth in the form ihtazzat.)

I record this as my own reading, and its ground is the verb itself: the help is not given ready-made. The water has been made to flow beneath her, the dates are ready on the tree — but the act of shaking is asked of her. And shaking the trunk of a date palm is hard even for a healthy person.

The scene thus shows that divine help does not remove the human act. The same structure was present in the command given to the mother in al-Qaṣaṣ 28/7 (the riskiest act was asked of her); I rely on that treatment.

فَكُلِى وَٱشْرَبِى وَقَرِّى عَيْنًا — three commands: eat, drink, and let your eye be cooled. The idiom qarra ʿaynan was treated in al-Furqān 25/74 (the eye's coming to rest in one place and not straying). I rely on that treatment.

فَإِمَّا تَرَيِنَّ مِنَ ٱلْبَشَرِ أَحَدًا فَقُولِىٓ إِنِّى نَذَرْتُ لِلرَّحْمَٰنِ صَوْمًا فَلَنْ أُكَلِّمَ ٱلْيَوْمَ إِنسِيًّاand she is commanded not to speak.

The link within the sūra must be recorded: to Zechariah, not being able to speak was given as a sign (10); Mary is commanded not to speak. The two accounts share the same element — and in both, someone else will speak in place of the one who falls silent.


The whole of Sūrat Maryam