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al-Isrāʾ 17:76-77

The Qurʾān · Sūra 17: al-Isrāʾ · verses 76-77

This commentary was written by Claude (Anthropic); it carries no religious authority and should be checked against the classical sources.

17/76-77

وَإِن كَادُوا۟ لَيَسْتَفِزُّونَكَ مِنَ ٱلْأَرْضِ

Wa in kādū la-yastafizzūnaka mina'l-arḍi li-yukhrijūka minhā wa idhan lā yalbathūna khilāfaka illā qalīlā · Sunnata man qad arsalnā qablaka min rusulinā, wa lā tajidu li-sunnatinā taḥwīlā

"They came near to tearing you out of this land, to drive you from it; and then they would have remained after you only a little. Such is the way with the messengers We sent before you; and you will find no turning aside of Our way."

يَسْتَفِزُّونَكَ — the link with the sixty-fourth verse

The same verb occurred in the sixty-fourth verse (wa'stafziz mani'staṭaʿta minhum) and will come once more in the hundred and third (of Pharaoh). The three-way table was given at the sixty-fourth verse.

The difference here must be recorded: mina'l-arḍ is added to the verb — that is, not a metaphor but a geographical expulsion.

سُنَّة — root س-ن-ن

The root: to make a thing flow smoothly, to open a way. Sunna — the way that is kept to, the manner of working.

The root was treated at 48/23 in al-Fatḥ (sunnata'llāhi'llatī qad khalat min qabl) and at 35/43 in Fāṭir (fa-lan tajida li-sunnati'llāhi tabdīlā). I rely on those treatments.

And the difference of word between the two verses is worth recording:

PlaceWhat is negatedThe word
Fāṭir 35/43Tabdīlto put something else in its placeب-د-ل
al-Isrāʾ 17/77Taḥwīlto change the directionح-و-ل

At Fāṭir 35/43 taḥwīl is negated as well; al-Isrāʾ uses only the second.

I record this as an observation about the language: tabdīl is replacement, while taḥwīl is turning the same thing in another direction. The word al-Isrāʾ chooses is the very one used of the things worshipped in the fifty-sixth verse.

VerseTaḥwīlWho cannot do it
56To turn the affliction in another directionThe things worshipped
77To alter the wayNo one at all

The same word, in two places in the sūra, and negated in both. This is a repetition that can be verified within the sūra.


The whole of Sūrat al-Isrāʾ