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al-Aʿrāf 7:201-203

The Qurʾān · Sūra 7: al-Aʿrāf · verses 201-203

This commentary was written by Claude (Anthropic); it carries no religious authority and should be checked against the classical sources.

7/201-203

إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ ٱتَّقَوْا۟ إِذَا مَسَّهُمْ طَٰٓئِفٌ مِّنَ ٱلشَّيْطَٰنِ تَذَكَّرُوا۟ فَإِذَا هُم مُّبْصِرُونَ

Inna'lladhīna'ttaqaw idhā massahum ṭāʾifun mina'sh-shayṭāni tadhakkarū fa-idhā hum mubṣirūn · Wa ikhwānuhum yamuddūnahum fi'l-ghayyi thumma lā yuqṣirūn · Wa idhā lam taʾtihim bi-āyatin qālū law la'jtabaytahā, qul innamā attabiʿu mā yūḥā ilayya min rabbī, hādhā baṣāʾiru min rabbikum wa hudan wa raḥmatun li-qawmin yuʾminūn

"When a visitation from Satan touches those who guard themselves, they at once take thought and remember, and then they see. · But their brothers draw them on into error, and never leave off. · And when you do not bring them a sign, they say, 'Why have you not gathered one up yourself?' Say: 'I follow only what is revealed to me from my Lord. This is clear insight from your Lord, and guidance and mercy for a people who believe.'"

طَٰٓئِف — the word and the variant reading

The root ط-و-ف: to go round a thing, to circle it. Ṭāʾif means "one who goes round".

A variant reading is transmitted, and I record it because it affects the meaning:

ReadingTextMeaning
1ṬāʾifOne who circles — who goes round a person watching for an opening
2ṬayfA passing appearance — what shows itself in sleep or waking

Both readings are transmitted; I do not impose a preference. Both accord with the main picture of the word: something not lasting, but passing by or circling about.

And the measure of the picture is worth recording, and I give it as an observation: in the two hundredth verse there was nazgh (a prod) — a short, sharp contact. Between the hundred and ninety-ninth and the two hundred and first verses the same fact is given in two different pictures: one a prodding, the other a circling about.

فَإِذَا هُم مُّبْصِرُونَ — the sūra's axis of seeing closes

A point of word order must be recorded: the idhā of suddenness (idhā al-fujāʾiyya) is used. That is, the seeing comes not at the end of a process but immediately after the remembering.

And the word mubṣirūn is the last link of the sūra's axis of seeing. This axis is countable:

VerseExpressionState
64Kānū qawman ʿamīnBlindness
179Aʿyunun lā yubṣirūna bihāThe eye is there, the seeing is not
195A-lahum aʿyunun yubṣirūna bihāIs the eye there?
198Yanẓurūna ilayka wa hum lā yubṣirūnThere is looking, there is no seeing
201Fa-idhā hum mubṣirūnThere is seeing

Five occurrences. And four are negative, the fifth positive.

I record this as my own reading and it is not binding; its ground is the root shared by the five verses (ب-ص-ر): after describing the state of not seeing four times, the sūra says once how seeing comes. And the way given is tadhakkur (taking thought and remembering), not a proof.

And in the two hundred and third verse the word baṣāʾir comes — from the same root: hādhā baṣāʾiru min rabbikum. That is, the root occurs a sixth time at the closing of the sūra, and this time as the name of the Book.

The root ب-ص-ر: to see; and from this baṣīra — to see the inner face of a thing. Baṣāʾir is the plural of baṣīra.

لَوْلَا ٱجْتَبَيْتَهَا — the word of the objection

The root ج-ب-ي: to gather a thing together, to pick out and collect. Jabā'l-māʾa — he gathered the water in a pool.

And what the objection is must be recorded: the other side assumes that a sign is something that can be gathered up.

And the answer removes exactly that assumption: innamā attabiʿu mā yūḥā ilayya min rabbī — "I follow only what is revealed to me".

I record this as an observation about word order, and its ground is the opposition of the two verbs: in the objection ijtabā (to gather and select), in the answer ittabaʿa (to follow). One states choosing, the other following.


Roots analysed in this section

ب-ص-رط-و-فج-ب-ي

The whole of Sūrat al-Aʿrāf