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al-Muʾminūn 23:101

The Qurʾān · Sūra 23: al-Muʾminūn · verse 101

This commentary was written by Claude (Anthropic); it carries no religious authority and should be checked against the classical sources.

23/101

فَإِذَا نُفِخَ فِى ٱلصُّورِ فَلَآ أَنسَابَ بَيْنَهُمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ وَلَا يَتَسَآءَلُونَ

fa-idhā nufikha fi'l-ṣūri fa-lā ansāba baynahum yawmaʾidhin wa lā yatasāʾalūn

"When the trumpet is blown, on that day there will be no ties of kinship between them, nor will they ask after one another."

نُفِخَ فِى ٱلصُّور

The root ن-ف-خ: to blow. صُور — the horn that is blown, the trumpet.

The word and the matter were treated at al-Nāziʿāt 79/6-7, al-Ḥāqqa 69/13 and Yāsīn 36/51. I do not repeat it here.

And the passive of the verb must be recorded: nufikha — the one who blows is not named. The same point was recorded in al-Nāziʿāt.

فَلَآ أَنسَابَ بَيْنَهُمْ — and a comparison with al-Furqān 25/54

The root ن-س-ب: to attach a thing to an origin. Nasab — a tie of descent; nisba — a relation.

The word was treated at al-Furqān 25/54 (fa-jaʿalahū nasaban wa ṣihrā). What was recorded there:

Two ties must be recorded: nasabkinship that comes by birth; ṣihrkinship established by marriage. … the preceding verse described two waters that do not mingle; this verse describes two lines that join.

I rely on that treatment. And the two verses must be compared, because the same word is used in two opposite directions:

al-Furqān 25/54al-Muʾminūn 23/101
The sentencewa huwa'lladhī khalaqa mina'l-māʾi basharan fa-jaʿalahū nasaban wa ṣihrāfa-lā ansāba baynahum yawmaʾidhin
The verbjaʿalaHe establishedthere is none left
How many tiesTwonasab and ṣihrOne — only ansāb
NumberSingularnasabanPluralansāba
TimeIn this world — the discussion of creationyawmaʾidhin — on that day

The two verses must be read together, and I record this as my own reading, its ground being the use of the same word with two different verbs: al-Furqān says that the human being created from water is woven with ties of descent and of marriage — the ties, that is, are a part of the creation. al-Muʾminūn says that those same ties will be lifted on a day.

And it must be recorded: what is described is not the tie's ceasing to exist but its ceasing to work — indeed the verse continues wa lā yatasāʾalūn. The question, that is, is not the existence of the tie of kinship but the impossibility of asking anything by way of it.

And the ṣihr of al-Furqān is not named here. I give this as an entry about the wording.

وَلَا يَتَسَآءَلُونَ — and the disagreement with al-Ṣāffāt 37/27

The root س-أ-ل: to ask, to request. The pattern is Form VI (tasāʾala): to ask one another.

And the same verb occurs in the scenes of the resurrection in the Qurʾān both affirmed and negated:

PlaceSentenceWhat it says
al-Ṣāffāt 37/27wa aqbala baʿḍuhum ʿalā baʿḍin yatasāʾalūnThey ask — in the Fire
al-Ṣāffāt 37/50fa-aqbala baʿḍuhum ʿalā baʿḍin yatasāʾalūnThey ask — in the garden
al-Ṭūr 52/25wa aqbala baʿḍuhum ʿalā baʿḍin yatasāʾalūnThey ask
al-Muddaththir 74/40fī jannātin yatasāʾalūnThey ask
al-Muʾminūn 23/101wa yatasāʾalūnThey do not ask

This makes an apparent contradiction, and the exegetes dwell on it. The explanations given are these:

#ExplanationGround
1Different times — at the moment the trumpet is blown they do not ask; afterwards they doThe verse sets the qualification yawmaʾidhin (on that day)
2Different contents — there is no asking for something by way of a tie of kinship; asking after one another there isThe sense of the verb tasāʾul as "requesting"
3Different parties — those who do not ask are some, those who ask are othersThe difference of setting

I pass the disagreement on; I do not impose a preference. And in al-Ṣāffāt it was recorded that the same verb is repeated in two tables (the Fire and the garden); I rely on that treatment.

A link within the sūra

And I record an observation: in the hundred and eleventh verse the sūra will describe the relation between the one who mocked and the one mocked; in the hundred and twelfth a question will be asked (kam labithtum). The state of "not asking" is therefore not absolute — indeed the sūra itself sets up a scene of speech a few verses later.

This is a datum within the sūra supporting the first explanation, and I record it as an observation; I do not impose a preference.


Roots analysed in this section

س-أ-ل

The whole of Sūrat al-Muʾminūn