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al-Anbiyāʾ 21:105-106

The Qurʾān · Sūra 21: al-Anbiyāʾ · verses 105-106

This commentary was written by Claude (Anthropic); it carries no religious authority and should be checked against the classical sources.

21/105-106

وَلَقَدْ كَتَبْنَا فِى ٱلزَّبُورِ مِنۢ بَعْدِ ٱلذِّكْرِ أَنَّ ٱلْأَرْضَ يَرِثُهَا عِبَادِىَ ٱلصَّٰلِحُونَ · إِنَّ فِى هَٰذَا لَبَلَٰغًا لِّقَوْمٍ عَٰبِدِينَ

Wa laqad katabnā fi'z-zabūri min baʿdi'dh-dhikri anna'l-arḍa yarithuhā ʿibādiya'ṣ-ṣāliḥūn · Inna fī hādhā la-balāghan li-qawmin ʿābidīn

"Indeed We wrote in the Psalter, after the Remembrance, that the earth would be inherited by My righteous servants. · In this there is a sufficient message for a people who serve."

ٱلزَّبُور and ٱلذِّكْر — two words, two disagreements

Zabūr — root ز-ب-ر. The root was treated at al-Qamar and at Fāṭir. The sense of the root: to write, to incise in stone; zabara'l-kitāb — he wrote the book. Zubur — written pages. The word conveys writing that has been incised to last.

And there is disagreement about what the two words correspond to:

WordView 1View 2
ٱلزَّبُورThe book given to DavidA generic noun: the books sent down
ٱلذِّكْرThe Preserved Tablet — the original recordThe Torah or an earlier book

I transmit the disagreement and do not impose a preference. Differences are transmitted in the reading of the two words as well (al-Zabūr / al-Zubur); I name no reciter.

عِبَادِىَ ٱلصَّٰلِحُونَ — the counterpart of the series

And this expression is directly connected with the sūra's series of prophets. The fact belongs entirely to the text.

Across the series the same word had been repeated:

VerseExpressionWho
72wa kullan jaʿalnā ṣāliḥīnAbraham, Isaac, Jacob
75innahu mina'ṣ-ṣāliḥīnLot
86innahum mina'ṣ-ṣāliḥīnIshmael, Idrīs, Dhū'l-Kifl
105ʿibādiya'ṣ-ṣāliḥūnThose who will inherit the earth

Four occurrences; three in the series, the fourth outside it.

I record this as my own reading, its ground being the count above: the attribute the sūra used three times in the series is made, at the end, the subject of a promise. That is, the promise is tied not to a community but to the quality described in the series.

And I enter a note per the method (Method): the verse does not set up a promise of property to an ethnic or a religious group. The condition is in the verse's own wording: ʿibādī (My servants) and al-ṣāliḥūn (the righteous). Whoever carries that quality is included in it.

بَلَٰغ — root ب-ل-غ: to reach a place, to arrive. And the word is used in two senses: tablīgh (conveying) and "what is enough" (balāgh — provision that suffices). The second sense gives the sentence the tone of "this much is enough".

لِّقَوْمٍ عَٰبِدِينَand the word ʿābidīn for the third time in the sūra: 73 (wa kānū lanā ʿābidīn), 84 (dhikrā li'l-ʿābidīn), 106 (li-qawmin ʿābidīn). It is a countable fact.


Roots analysed in this section

ب-ل-غ

The whole of Sūrat al-Anbiyāʾ