وَلَقَدْ بَوَّأْنَا بَنِىٓ إِسْرَٰٓءِيلَ مُبَوَّأَ صِدْقٍ وَرَزَقْنَٰهُم مِّنَ ٱلطَّيِّبَٰتِ فَمَا ٱخْتَلَفُوا۟ حَتَّىٰ جَآءَهُمُ ٱلْعِلْمُ
"We settled the Children of Israel in an abode of truthfulness and provided them with good things. They did not fall into disagreement until knowledge came to them. Your Lord will judge between them on the day of resurrection concerning what they disagreed about."
مُبَوَّأَ صِدْقٍ — the root ب-و-أ: to settle in a place, to take up quarters. And the same root had occurred in the eighty-seventh verse as a command: an tabawwaʾā li-qawmikum bi-Miṣra buyūtā.
I record this as my own reading, and its ground is the repetition of the root: in the eighty-seventh verse the settling was commanded; in the ninety-third it is said who did the settling. It is a weave that can be verified within the sūra.
And the qualifier ṣidq is on the same pattern as qadama ṣidqin in the second verse. Both constructs state a firmness.
فَمَا ٱخْتَلَفُوا۟ حَتَّىٰ جَآءَهُمُ ٱلْعِلْمُ — "they did not fall into disagreement until knowledge came to them."
The sentence is surprising and must be read with care: the disagreement begins after the knowledge comes.
The explanation given in the classical commentaries is this, and I relate it as it is transmitted: the cause of the disagreement is not ignorance but division in spite of knowledge — the disagreement, that is, arises not from the absence of a proof but from taking a stance against the proof.
And this coincides with the nineteenth verse of the sūra: wa mā kāna'n-nāsu illā ummatan wāḥidatan fa'khtalafū. The two verses use the same verb (خ-ل-ف, Form VIII) and in both the disagreement is something that comes afterwards.
And the same structure was treated at al-Jāthiya 45/17 (fa-ma'khtalafū illā min baʿdi mā jāʾahumu'l-ʿilm); the same line was present at Fuṣṣilat 41/45 as well. I rely on that treatment.
And the verse ends by deferring the judgment: inna rabbaka yaqḍī baynahum yawma'l-qiyāma. This is the completion of the sentence in the nineteenth verse, wa lawlā kalimatun sabaqat min rabbika la-quḍiya baynahum: there it was said that the judgment had been deferred; here, when it will be given.